Recurrent miscarriages can be deeply distressing for couples trying to conceive, often leaving them searching for answers and hope. “While many couples experience the emotional pain of repeated pregnancy loss, the underlying cause is not the same in every case. Recurrent miscarriages can result from a variety of factors, and treatment must be tailored to the specific cause,” says Dr Sreevani Kotha, Director and Head, 9M Fertility by Ankura Hospital.She further adds that recurrent pregnancy loss is when a woman experiences two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation.

What causes recurrent miscarriage?

There can be several reasons for recurrent miscarriage, and the underlying cause is not the same in every case. One of the most common causes is an abnormal number of chromosomes in the developing fetus. When this occurs, the body recognizes that the pregnancy is not developing normally and may terminate it spontaneously. “Although chromosomal abnormalities are more frequently associated with advanced maternal age, they can also occur in younger women,” says Dr Sreevani. In some cases, the uterus may not be conducive to healthy implantation. Structural abnormalities, including fibroids and polyps, can be responsible in such situations. Endocrine problems such as thyroid disorders and diabetes can also lead to spontaneous pregnancy loss. “In a specific autoimmune condition called antiphospholipid syndrome, the body produces antibodies that increase the risk of blood clot formation. This can interfere with the placenta and affect the developing pregnancy,” Dr Sreevani adds, citing another cause.Apart from the above medical issues, environmental factors can also have a significant impact on pregnancy. Smoking, alcohol consumption, excess body weight, and high levels of stress are known to contribute to recurrent pregnancy loss. “In modern times, the effect of environmental factors on pregnancy has increased multifold. These factors don’t just influence recurrent pregnancy loss but also affect the overall fertility rates,” explains Dr Sreevani.

How to recognise the signs of pregnancy loss

Signs such as vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain or cramping, persistent back pain, passage of tissue, or a sudden decrease in pregnancy symptoms may indicate a possible pregnancy loss and require immediate medical consultation. Women experiencing dizziness or weakness should also seek prompt evaluation.

Treatment options for recurrent pregnancy loss

“Treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss depends on identifying and addressing the underlying cause. A thorough assessment is carried out with an individualized approach, which may include blood tests for hormonal and autoimmune disorders, genetic testing, and imaging studies such as ultrasound to evaluate the uterus,” says Dr Sreevani. Management may include correcting uterine abnormalities through surgery, treating hormonal imbalances, managing chronic medical conditions, or using medications in cases of autoimmune disorders. Lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and managing stress are equally important. “In selected individual cases where conventional measures are not sufficient, advanced assisted reproductive treatments may prove helpful for couples in achieving a successful pregnancy,” assures Dr Sreevani. “Recurrent pregnancy loss can be emotionally distressing, but it is not uncommon. Modern medical science has evolved multifold, and scenarios that appeared difficult a decade ago can often be effectively managed today. By staying aware and seeking timely care, couples can attain positive outcomes,” concludes Dr Sreevani.Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in the story are independent professional judgment of the experts and we do not take any responsibility for the accuracy of their views. This should not be considered as a substitute for medical advice. Please consult your treating physician for more details. Ankura Hospital is solely liable for the correctness, reliability of the content and/or compliance of applicable laws. The above is non-editorial content and TIL does not guarantee, vouch or endorse any of it. Please take all steps necessary to ascertain that any information and content provided is correct, updated, and verified.