As tensions surge between Washington and Tehran, President Donald Trump has assembled a formidable display of American firepower across the Middle East and beyond. As per a report in Wall Street Journal, has now gathered the most air power in Middle East since the 2003 Iraq Invasion. Jets, warships, missile defences and long-range bombers are being repositioned in what the president has described as an “armada” a signal that the United States is prepared to act if nuclear negotiations with Iran collapse.The military build-up now resembles the posture that preceded last June’s strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities but on a larger scale.

Carriers, destroyers and strike aircraft in position

At the centre of the deployment is the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln, accompanied by three warships equipped with Tomahawk cruise missiles and advanced air defence systems. Satellite imagery reviewed by The New York Times showed the carrier operating off Oman in mid-February, placing its F-35 stealth fighters and F/A-18 strike aircraft within range of dozens of targets inside Iran.

A second carrier strike group led by USS Gerald R. Ford, the Navy’s most advanced carrier, is now crossing into the Mediterranean via the Strait of Gibraltar. US officials say its arrival will significantly expand strike options. Together, the two carriers provide the Pentagon with the ability to conduct sustained air operations without relying on bases in Gulf states, many of which are wary of hosting offensive missions that could invite Iranian retaliation.In total, 13 US destroyers are now positioned across the wider region, including in the Persian Gulf, the Red Sea and the Northern Arabian Sea. At least one nuclear submarine remains deployed in the Mediterranean. The concentration of naval power gives Washington flexibility, from limited precision strikes on nuclear or missile facilities to a broader campaign targeting air defences and Revolutionary Guard bases.Earlier reports also indicated that the US has shifted more than 50 fighter aircraft towards the Middle East over the past 24 hours. The deployment included advanced F-22, F-35 and F-16 jets, alongside multiple aerial refuelling tankers.

Air power and missile shields across the region

The naval presence is being reinforced by a surge of air assets. At Muwaffaq Salti Air Base in eastern Jordan, satellite images show nearly 30 US attack aircraft arriving in waves since mid-January. Four electronic warfare planes, designed to jam radar and communications, have also been deployed, alongside at least five MQ-9 Reaper drones.

Flight tracking data indicates the movement of additional refuelling tankers, reconnaissance aircraft and cargo planes from the United States to Europe and the Middle East, sustaining the build-up. Long-range bombers based in the US are on heightened alert, and Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean, a forward base for B-2 stealth bombers, has seen an influx of surveillance, special operations and refuelling aircraft.To shield forces from potential retaliation, the Pentagon has dispatched more Patriot and THAAD missile defence systems. Roughly 30,000 to 40,000 American troops are already stationed in the region.The posture echoes last June’s aerial assault, when two carriers were deployed before US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites.

Diplomacy under pressure

Despite the military momentum, diplomacy has not been formally abandoned. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi recently described “good progress” after indirect talks in Geneva with US envoys, including Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff. White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt confirmed that “some progress” had been made but said “there are still a lot of details to discuss”.The core dispute remains Iran’s nuclear enrichment and missile programme. The Trump administration insists any agreement must curb both. Tehran has rejected limits on its missile capabilities.

Behind closed doors, Trump convened top advisers in the White House Situation Room to weigh next steps. Officials told Axios that all required forces for possible action would be in place by mid-March. One US official said Iran must present a concrete package addressing American concerns by the end of the month.Israel is also closely involved. Secretary of State Marco Rubio is expected to visit Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu later this month, with Israeli officials advocating a broader campaign that could weaken, or even destabilise, the Iranian regime.Energy markets add another layer of calculation. About one-fifth of global oil trade passes through the Strait of Hormuz. While Iran has repeatedly threatened to close the waterway, it has avoided doing so even during previous clashes. Analysts suggest markets are currently well supplied, potentially cushioning the economic shock of limited strikes.Satellite imagery reported by Reuters shows Iran reinforcing sensitive sites, including burying tunnel entrances at Isfahan and fortifying facilities near Natanz. At Parchin, experts say a newly constructed building has been encased in what appears to be a concrete shield and covered with soil, moves interpreted as efforts to blunt future air attacks.For now, Washington’s message is clear: military power is assembled and ready. Whether it is used may depend on the next round of diplomatic exchanges, and how far both sides are willing to push a confrontation that could reshape the Middle East for years to come.