Ramadan 2026 Moon Sighting: When Does Fasting Begin Globally and Why Is Crescent Timimg Significant?

Every year, millions of Muslims around the world eagerly await the sighting of the Ramadan crescent moon, a moment charged with spiritual, historical and community significance. Unlike most holidays governed by a fixed date on the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan follows the Islamic lunar calendar and begins only once the new moon (hilal) is observed after maghrib or sunset on the 29th day of the preceding month, Shaban. This crescent moon sighting, sometimes visible to the naked eye and confirmed by religious committees, marks the official start of Ramadan, a month dedicated to fasting, prayer, reflection and charity.The practice of moon sighting is rooted in Islamic tradition and scripture, where seeing the crescent serves as both a marker of time and a moment of communal anticipation. Muslims gather after sunset, often looking toward the horizon with friends and family, wishing each other “Ramadan Mubarak” when the first sliver of the new moon appears. This act symbolises not just the beginning of a fast but the beginning of a month of spiritual discipline, increased worship and empathy for others.Although astronomical calculations can predict the moon’s birth, the traditional method involves local visibility at sunset, which is why countries sometimes begin Ramadan on different days. For example, Saudi Arabia and neighbouring Gulf states reported sighting the crescent on the evening of February 17, 2026, leading them to begin Ramadan on Wednesday, February 18. In contrast, many Muslim communities in South Asia, Europe and North America are looking to sight the moon on February 18, with fasting likely to start on Thursday, 19 February 2026.

What Ramadan represents for Muslims

Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and its observance is considered an act of devotion, self-restraint and purification. During the month, healthy adult Muslims abstain from food, drink, smoking and marital relations from dawn (suḥoor) until sunset (iftar), activities that not only reinforce self-discipline but also foster empathy for the less fortunate.The month also emphasises increased prayer and Quran recitation, nightly Taraweeh prayers and heightened acts of charity (zakat and sadaqah). It culminates in Eid ul-Fitr, the festive celebration marking the end of fasting, with communal prayers, feasting and social gatherings.

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While the core spiritual practices are shared worldwide, different cultures express Ramadan in various ways, from decorative lanterns in Egypt to interfaith iftars in the US, underscoring how both global unity and local tradition shape the experience.

Ramadan 2026 moon timing around the world

Below is a global snapshot of expected moon sighting dates and initial fasting schedules for Ramadan 2026, based on confirmed sightings, astronomical predictions and regional practices:

Table: Ramadan 2026 expected crescent moon timing and start dates

Note: Exact start dates can vary by region based on local moon sightings or religious authority decisions, so final announcements typically come after sunset the day before fasting begins.

Why Ramadan 2026 moon sightings can differ by location

Since moon sighting depends on geography, atmospheric conditions and the relative position of the Earth and sun, visibility can vary greatly from one region to another. In practice:

This traditional diversity of practice explains why fasting start dates sometimes differ by a day across the global Muslim population, even though the same lunar cycle is being followed.

Spiritual and social significance of sighting the moon

The sighting of the Ramadan crescent moon (hilal) carries profound spiritual weight in Islam because it signals the beginning of one of the Five Pillars, fasting in the sacred month of Ramadan. The practice is rooted directly in the teachings of Prophet Muhammad SAW, who tied the start and end of the fast to the physical sighting of the moon, reinforcing humility before divine timing rather than reliance solely on calculation.In an authentic hadith recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari, the Prophet SAW said, “Fast when you see it (the crescent) and break your fast when you see it, and if it is obscured from you, then complete thirty days of Sha‘ban.” (Bukhari 1909). A similar narration in Sahih Muslim states, “Do not fast until you see the crescent, and do not break the fast until you see it.”

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The moon is sighted on 29th and if there is no moon on 29th then 30 days of islamic month are to be completed. Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar (RA), Allah’s Messenger SAW said, “The month (can be) 29 nights (i.e. days), and do not fast till you see the moon, and if the sky is overcast, then complete Sha’ban as thirty days.” (Sahih al-Bukhari 1907, Book 30, Hadith 17).Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger SAW as saying, “Observe fast on sighting it (the new moon) and break (fast) on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy for you, then complete the number (of thirty).” (Reference: Sahih Muslim 1081b, in-book reference: Book 13, Hadith 21).These traditions underscore that Ramadan begins not merely as a date on a calendar but as a moment of communal witness, a collective act of obedience, unity and submission to Allah’s decree. The moon sighting thus becomes both a legal marker and a deeply symbolic reminder that Islamic worship flows in harmony with the natural rhythms created by Allah.The crescent moon’s significance in Islam is both symbolic and practical –

For many believers, participating in or witnessing a moon sighting, even if only through a religious committee’s announcement, reinforces a sense of unity with Muslims across different lands, reminding them that the same sacred cycle is being celebrated from Riyadh to London to New York.Ramadan’s start is determined by seeing the crescent moon (hilal), a practice deeply woven into Islamic ritual and community life. Ramadan 2026 will likely begin on 18–19 February, depending on where the crescent is seen locally. Islamic communities across the Middle East, South Asia, Europe and North America may experience start dates that differ by a day because of geographic sighting conditions. The month emphasizes fasting from dawn until sunset, prayer, charity, reflection and community.